Robert Anthony Scalapino (October 19, 1919 – November 1, 2011) was an American political scientist and East Asia specialist.

He sat on the board of directors of the Council on Foreign Relations and was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

In 2010, the National Bureau of Asian Research and the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, as part of the National Asia Research Program (NARP), created the Scalapino Prize in honor of Scalapino and his contributions to the field of Asian studies.

The inaugural Scalapino Prize was awarded to David M. Lampton in June 2010 at the 2010 Asia Policy Assembly.

[6] Scalapino published 540 articles and 39 books or monographs on Asian politics and United States–Asian policy,[8] which include: