Robert Seale Calvert (April 27, 1892 – September 1, 1981) was the longest-serving Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts, serving for 26 years.

On January 18, 1949, Calvert was appointed by Governor Beauford Jester to the position of Texas Comptroller of Public Accounts following the death of his predecessor, George H. Sheppard, who died in office.

When the African American then State Representative Eddie Bernice Johnson, later a member of the United States House of Representatives, filed a complaint with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) in 1973, Calvert said in response, that Johnson was a "nigger woman who doesn't know what she is talking about."

[1] In 1972, Randy Pendleton, a former legislator from Andrews in West Texas, and Jim Wilson, a former employee, ran against Calvert.

In 1974, Bob Bullock announced that he would challenge the octogenarian comptroller and promised to reform operations of the office.