The city was liberated from the Nazi German occupation on 4 June 1944 by the 85th Infantry Division, of the United States Army.

In June 2019, an accidental explosion at the town hall building killed Mayor Emanuele Crestini and another man, while several others were injured.

[3] The economy of Rocca di Papa is mostly based on tourism and agriculture, the latter dominated by wine and vine production.

The equipment has been improved and enlarged to form an adequate spot for the preparation of the best horse-riders, offering an excellent track with every kind of difficulty and obstacle.

It connected "Valle Oscura" to "Viale Silvio Spaventa" and worked on the water-ballast counterbalancing principle, which was also regulated according to the number of passengers.

Rocca di Papa was also connected to Rome by the Castelli Romani tramway, dismantled in the 1960s and replaced by a bus service.