Roccapalumba is located 64 km southeast of Palermo and borders the following municipalities: Alia, Caccamo, Castronovo di Sicilia, Lercara Friddi, and Vicari.

The name of Roccapalumba means "Cliff of doves", perhaps for the height of the place where the small town rises.

The original agricultural colony was founded about the year 1640 on the feud of Palumba by the princes Ansalone.

In 1714, the Prince of Larderia, Don Francesco Moncada, acquired and held the feud until the territory was made official as an inhabited centre (town).

During the 18th century the feudal village under the Larderia family had a period of particular growth, both agricultural and territorial.