It was constructed during the Great Siege of Gibraltar, due to its advantageous position and the success of the gun at Green's Lodge Battery.

Rock Gun Battery is in Gibraltar, the British Overseas Territory at the southern end of the Iberian Peninsula.

[4] The chosen site at Middle Hill was leveled and work was begun on a road to access the highest point of the North Face.

However, the endeavour required some time, and the enthusiastic artillery gunners became impatient, not wanting to wait for completion of the new road.

[4][7] The emplacement was rebuilt during the Second World War by the Black Watch, and a platform for anti-aircraft guns was constructed at the edge of the North Face.

[8] The fences in the Middle Hill area still bear the Ministry of Defence signs that warn passersby to stay out of the site.

After the Ministry of Defence vacated the aerial farm on Middle Hill in April 2005, much of the area was transferred to the Government of Gibraltar.