Rockaway Boulevard was one of the six stations along Liberty Avenue in Queens, from 80th Street through Ozone Park–Lefferts Boulevard, as well as the current three track elevated structure, built for the BMT Fulton Street Line in 1915 as part of BMT's portion of the Dual Contracts.

[15] In November 2022, the MTA announced that it would award a $965 million contract for the installation of 21 elevators across eight stations,[16] including Rockaway Boulevard which will receive 2 brand new elevators (1 street-to-mezzanine-to-westbound platform outside fare control and 1 mezzanine-to-eastbound platform inside fare control).

[17][18]: 81  A joint venture of ASTM and Halmar International would construct the elevators under a public-private partnership.

Trains heading to Lefferts Boulevard continue east along Liberty Avenue, while those heading to the Rockaways diverge south to bypass Aqueduct Racetrack on an embankment before lowering to run at-grade towards Conduit Avenue, Howard Beach, Jamaica Bay, Broad Channel, and then the Rockaways.

The wooden staircase landings have a high exit-only turnstile to allow passengers to exit the system without having to go through the station.