Roe began as a railroad depot around 1880 on the Cotton Belt (officially the St. Louis Southwestern Railway).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 0.18 square miles (0.47 km2), all land.

[1] Roe is in the small portion of Monroe County that is west of the White River, and it is situated along the northern edge of the Grand Prairie in the Arkansas Delta.

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters.

The racial makeup of the town was 91.94% White, 7.26% Black or African American, and 0.81% from two or more races.