Rolande Trempé (31 May 1916 - 12 April 2016) was a French Resistance fighter and historian who completed the first thesis in labour history on the miners of Carmaux.

She taught throughout her life and specialised in labour history, her research interests included Jean Jaurès and the miners of Carmaux.

[1] Trempé was raised separate from her older brother by her maternal grandparents, who worked as agricultural workers, in Brie.

[1][3] In 1942, in Charleville, she joined the French Communist Party and became a liaison officer and technical agent for the Francs-Tireurs et Partisans.

[3] Her role within the French resistance consisted primarily of publishing leaflets and passing on information to various contacts, often travelling by bike.

[3] Trempé also participated in the creation of Femmes Solidaires and became the Ardennes leader of the group, hosting numerous public meetings.

[3] She had strong relationships with numerous other activists and went on to develop and lead training sessions on the history of the labour movement for them.