During the Capuchin period (1779–1919), Bhagalpur was at first the part of Prefecture of Tibet-Hindustan erected by the Sacred Congregation of the Evangelisation of the Peoples in 1703.

On 3 August 1956,[2][3] Bhagalpur was detached from the Patna Diocese and the prefecture apostolic was established.

[5] On September 10, 2019, Crux reported that Father Benoy John and catechist Munna Hansda were part of an effort to forcibly convert locals in Jharkhand and were arrested on charges of forced conversion on September 6, 2019.

[5] Father Arun Vincent was also suspected of working with John and Hansda, but was not formally arrested and later released.

[5] Both John and Hansda were also revealed to have illegally occupied land to This seminary at Bhagalpur, Sahibgunj is the training center for the first two years of priesthood.