Roman Missal
[6] Implementing the decision of the Council of Trent, Pope Pius V promulgated, in the Apostolic Constitution Quo primum of 14 July 1570, an edition of the Roman Missal that was mandated for obligatory use throughout the Latin Church except where there was another liturgical rite that could be proven to have been in use for at least two centuries.
A further revised typical edition was promulgated by Pope Urban VIII on 2 September 1634 with the papal bull Si Quid Est.
On 9 February 1951, Pius XII published the decree Dominicae Resurrectionis which authorized, in 1951 the introduction of revised texts for Easter Vigil.
After positive reports from the world's bishops, these changes were made universally obligatory on 16 November 1955, with the decree Maxima Redemptionis Nostrae Mysteria, which took effect on 25 March 1956 (Palm Sunday), which made substantial changes to Palm Sunday, Holy Thursday, Good Friday, and the Easter Vigil.
Pius XII also removed from the Vigil of Pentecost, the series of six Old Testament readings, with their accompanying Tracts and Collects, but these continued to be printed until 1962.
Acceding to the wishes of many of the bishops, Pope Pius XII judged it expedient also to reduce the rubrics of the missal to a simpler form, a simplification enacted by a decree of the Sacred Congregation of Rites of 23 March 1955.
After duly weighing the answers of the bishops, he judged that it was time to address the need for a general and systematic revision of the rubrics of the breviary and missal.
His successor, Pope John XXIII, with his apostolic letter Rubricarum instructum,[8] issued a new typical edition of the Roman Missal, which would be promulgated in 1962.
[9] The instruction Inter Oecumenici of 26 September 1964, that took effect on 7 March 1965, initiated the application to the Mass of the decisions that the Council had taken less than a year before.
A supplement gives celebrations, such as that of Saint Pio of Pietrelcina, added to the General Roman Calendar after the initial printing of the 2002 typical edition.
In the Lord's Prayer, e non c'indurre in tentazione ("and lead us not into temptation") becomes non abbandonarci alla tentazione ("do not abandon us to temptation") and come noi li rimettiamo ai nostri debitori ("as we forgive our debtors") becomes come anche noi li rimettiamo ai nostri debitori ("as we too forgive our debtors").
On 30 October 1971, Paul VI granted permission for use of the previous missal in England and Wales, in what became known as the Agatha Christie indult.
On 3 October 1984, Pope John Paul II issued a letter known as Quattuor abhinc annos which extended the indult to bishops worldwide.
In his motu proprio Summorum Pontificum of 7 July 2007, Pope Benedict XVI stated that the 1962 edition of the Roman Missal was never juridically abrogated and that it may be freely used by any priest of the Latin Church when celebrating Mass "without a congregation".
Francis stated in the letter that the current version of the Roman Rite ought to be regarded as the "unique expression of [its] lex orandi.
"[23] Several traditionalist fraternities in full communion with the Holy See are authorised to celebrate the Mass exclusively according to the 1962 version of the Missal: such groups include the Priestly Fraternity of Saint Peter (FSSP), the Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest (ICKSP), the Institute of the Good Shepherd (IBP) and the Personal Apostolic Administration of Saint John Mary Vianney.
However in more recent years, limited indults have been granted to certain parishes for use of the Holy Week prior to the reforms of Pius XII.
[24] The Society of Saint Pius X (FSSPX), which rejects the reforms of the Second Vatican Council and is not in full communion with the Holy See, exclusively celebrates the Mass according to the 1962 version of the Roman Missal.
Sedevacantist and sedeprivationist groups, which reject the Council and do not recognise any Pope since the Council as valid, also reject the 1962 version of the Missal, seeing it as contaminated by modernism as well and thus only celebrate Mass using the 1920 edition of the Missal, however there is a dispute among these groups, on the acceptance of the 1955 rubrics of the Paschal Triduum introduced by Pius XII: some groups, such as the Society of Saint Pius V, the Roman Catholic Institute and the Istituto Mater Boni Consilii) reject them, believing them to be the first step towards the post-Conciliar liturgical renovations;[25] others, such as the Congregation of Mary Immaculate Queen accept them, seeing them as a liturgical change by a valid Pope and, thus, binding to all Catholics.
[31] On the occasion of the meeting of the committee in Rome in April 2002, Pope John Paul II sent them a message emphasizing that "fidelity to the rites and texts of the Liturgy is of paramount importance for the Church and Christian life" and charging the committee to ensure that "the texts of the Roman Rite are accurately translated in accordance with the norms of the Instruction Liturgiam authenticam".
[33][34] The work of making a new translation of the Roman Missal was completed in time to enable the national episcopal conference in most English-speaking countries to put it into use from the first Sunday of Advent (27 November) 2011.
[39] Pope Benedict XVI remarked: "Many will find it hard to adjust to unfamiliar texts after nearly forty years of continuous use of the previous translation.
I pray that in this way any risk of confusion or bewilderment will be averted, and the change will serve instead as a springboard for a renewal and a deepening of Eucharistic devotion all over the English-speaking world.
[42] The Southern African Catholic Bishops' Conference (Botswana, South Africa, Swaziland) put into effect the changes in the people's parts of the revised English translation of the Order of Mass[43] from 28 November 2008, when the Missal as a whole was not yet available.
[49] In view of the foreseen opposition to making changes, the various English-speaking episcopal conferences arranged catechesis on the Mass and the Missal, and made information available also on the Internet.
"[54] On 9 September 2017 Pope Francis issued the motu proprio Magnum principium ("The Great Principle") which allowed local bishops' conferences more authority over translation of liturgical documents.
