[2] The current prime minister is Marcel Ciolacu of the Social Democratic Party (PSD), who has been serving since 15 June 2023 onwards as the head of government of the National Coalition for Romania (CNR).

[5] As head of the government, the prime minister is charged with directing the internal policy of the country and leads the public administration.

[5] The president can attend the government meetings debating upon matters of national interest concerning foreign policy, country's defense, maintenance of public order, and, at the invitation of the prime minister, in other instances as well.

The prime minister and the members of his Cabinet must answer all questions or interpellations brought forward by deputies or senators under the terms laid down in the statutes of Parliament.

After a motion of no confidence is adopted, the prime minister and his Cabinet are officially dismissed, and the President must designate an individual to form a new government.

[7] Since 1989, five prime ministers have been dismissed following the adoption of a motion of no confidence: Emil Boc (2009),[8] Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu (2012),[9] Sorin Grindeanu (2017),[10] Viorica Dăncilă (2019),[11] and Florin Cîțu (2021).

By 1862, he had completely fused the two administrations into a single government with its capital at Bucharest, the new country bearing the name Romania, but the union was in danger of being dissolved after the end of his rule.

To give the country a political government, Cuza created the office of prime minister and brought into power the leader of the Conservative faction, Barbu Catargiu.

The new constitution created the Senate for serving Cuza's legislative purposes and vested the office of the Prince with full executive authority while the prime minister remained his subordinate.

[16] The new constitution also made the first steps towards a parliamentary control of the government, stipulating that either of the chambers may put ministers under accusation to stand trial.