[6] The bill containing the Act for establishing the town of Romney, in the county of Hampshire, and for other purposes therein-mentioned, is listed 20th on a list of approved "publick and private bills" and is immediately followed by An Act for establishing the town of Mecklenburg, in the county of Frederick.

It is also home to the West Virginia Schools for the Deaf and Blind and the nation's First Confederate Memorial in Indian Mound Cemetery.

[8][9] Romney Academy was one of the earliest institutions for higher learning within the present boundaries of the state of West Virginia.

The Romney Classical Institute, a coeducational collegiate preparatory school, survived until 1866.

[10] The Romney Expedition of the Confederate States Army occurred in the early American Civil War.

It was part of the preliminary actions of Stonewall Jackson's Valley Campaign as Jackson cleared Union Army troops led by Major General Nathaniel Banks and Brigadier General William S. Rosecrans from the lower Shenandoah Valley and surrounding Allegheny ranges, and then successfully severed the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal.

His army advanced from Winchester towards Cumberland, Maryland, but withdrew after reaching Romney due to harsh winter conditions.

The West Virginia Schools for the Deaf and the Blind was established in 1870 upon the campus of the Romney Classical Institute.

[12] According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.96 square miles (2.49 km2), all land.

[13] The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally cold winters.

The other primary highway serving Romney is West Virginia Route 28, which heads southward towards Moorefield and north towards Cumberland, Maryland and Interstate 68.