The genus was named in honour of Roselvira Barillas, who pioneered the study of foliicolous lichens in Guatemala.

Molecular studies have shown that Roselviria is distinct from Aderkomyces, despite sharing some physical features like white setae.

Their most distinctive feature is their reproductive structures (apothecia), which protrude from the surface and are surrounded by small triangular lobes, similar to those found in the genus Chroodiscus.

[3] Under the microscope, these lichens reveal several clear layers, including a colourless supporting tissue made of tightly packed fungal threads.

They also possess specialised reproductive structures called hyphophores, which are white and bristle-like, with unique bead-like threads (diahyphae) attached at their tips.