The university has 91 departments, which employ over 800 people as teaching staff, of whom more than 130 are doctors, professors, and about 500 candidates.

The university is engaged in research and clinical activities and has 31 academicians who are corresponding members of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences.

The University is functioning effectively in the central research laboratory (CSRL), conducting a wide range of biochemical, molecular genetic, morphological, microbiological studies.

State educational institution of higher education "Rostov State Medical University, Federal Agency for Health and Social Development" promotes international scientific cooperation with Britain, the US, Germany, France, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Armenia, Moldova, and other foreign countries by exchanging researchers and students, teachers, qualified specialists, taking part in international scientific conferences, congresses.

Rostov State Medical University - Preparation of domestic and foreign nationals in the field: The University has collaborated with the World Federation for Medical Education, the World Health Organization, UNESCO, the British Council, the United States Agency for International Development, the American International Health Alliance, and participating in a range of joint international research projects.