The theater has two stages as well as a music and entertainment center, and hosts about 300 performances and concerts annually, as well as various forums and festivals.

In 1919 the Rostov Musical Comedy Theater was established; this received State status in January 1931.

The site chosen was occupied by gloomy residential buildings one to two storeys high, and by a physiotherapy hospital.

It had been designated in the 1960s for demolition in order to build the largest self-service department store in Rostov, but those plans were soon abandoned.

The building had the form of a white grand piano with its lid raised, and was designed by young architects who included L. Lobakov, G. Dukov and V.