Rothenburg (High Alemannic: Rooteborg) is a municipality in the district of Hochdorf in the canton of Lucerne in Switzerland.

Of the rest of the land, 15.5% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (0.2%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains).

Of the agricultural land, 63.47% is used for farming or pastures, while 4.32% is used for orchards or vine crops.

Of the settled areas, 5.86% is covered with buildings, 2.51% is industrial, 2% is classed as special developments, 0.71% is parks or greenbelts and 4.38% is transportation infrastructure.

Most of the population (as of 2000[update]) speaks German (94.1%), with Serbo-Croatian being second most common ( 1.2%) and Italian being third ( 1.0%).

In the 2000 census[update] the religious membership of Rothenburg was; 4,804 (77.%) were Roman Catholic, and 772 (12.4%) were Protestant, with an additional 109 (1.75%) that were of some other Christian faith.