Today, the territory of the district is split between Germany and Poland by the Lusatian Neisse.
When it was founded, there were two towns in the district, Muskau in the north and Rothenburg (Ob.
The part of the district lying west of the Lusatian Neisse was incorporated into the state of Saxony on 9 July 1945.
In the summer of 1945 the part of the district lying to the east of the Lusatian Neisse was placed under Polish administration in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement.
The part of the district lying to the west of the Lusatian Neisse was assigned to the state of Saxony on 9 July 1945.