Rothia dentocariosa is a species of Gram-positive, round- to rod-shaped bacteria that is part of the normal community of microbes residing in the mouth and respiratory tract.

[1] First isolated from dental caries, Rothia dentocariosa is largely benign, but does very rarely cause disease.

The most common Rothia infection is endocarditis, typically in people with underlying heart valve disorders.

Rothia infections may be treated with penicillins, erythromycin, cefazolin, rifampin, aminoglycoside, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

[3] Variable or pleomorphic in shape and similar to Actinomyces and Nocardia, Rothia was only defined as a genus in 1967.