Vogel was coached by Peter Kahn and Henrik Teske.

[2] In November 2015, Vogel won the U16 World Youth Chess Championship in Porto Carras by defeating Parham Maghsoodloo in the final game.

[3][4] In October 2023, Vogel earned his second GM norm by winning the UKA Wolfgang Uhlmann Memorial Tournament with a score of 7/9, ahead of runner-up Mihail Marin, who finished with 5.5/9.

[5][6] In November 2023, Vogel earned his final GM norm at the Open Bavarian Championship, where he finished third behind Jiří Štoček and Maxime Lagarde.

[7] In January 2024, Vogel's rating surpassed 2500, earning him the Grandmaster title.