[2][3] Among the founders were Victor-Joseph François, a professor at the Faculty of Medicine of the Catholic University of Louvain, and Louis Seutin (1793–1862), a professor at the Faculty of Medicine of the Free University of Brussels.

[2] In the years 1989–1990, it was administratively attached to the services of the Government of the French Community of Belgium.

[2] The statutes of the institution depend on a decree of the Government of the French Community dated 19 December 2013, and it was placed under the protection of the King.

The perpetual secretary is appointed by the government of the French Community, on the proposal of the full members, for a term of five years.

The academy is divided into six sections covering various fields of medicine (human and animal).