Rudge Cup

However, the fact that there is no sign of a similar vessel covering the central and eastern sectors of the Wall suggests otherwise.

Whether the Cup was a souvenir for a retired soldier, a libation vessel or a present to be given to other people is something that will probably never be clear.

[2] The Cup appears to show a schematic drawing of Hadrian's Wall originally picked out in coloured enamels with turrets and milecastles, although this is open to debate.

It is believed that these names are from an itinerary of the Wall from west to east, listing the forts as Mais (Bowness), Aballava (Burgh-by-Sands), Uxelodunum (Stanwix), Camboglanna (Castlesteads) and Banna (Birdoswald).

It is likely that the Cup dates to the early 130s AD when interest and pride in the newly completed Wall would have been at their height.

The list differs from the Notitia Dignitatum and the Ravenna Cosmography, in that it misses out Magnis (Carvoran), which should come between Banna (Birdoswald) and Aesica (Great Chesters).

It is believed that this omission is because Magnis was not actually attached to the Wall but was south of the Vallum, having been originally built to guard the nearby Stanegate Roman road.

The base is decorated with rectangles, possibly depicting masonry foundations, coloured in blue and green enamel.

The reason for this discrepancy is unclear, but the small size of Coggabata may explain its omission from the Rudge Cup and Amiens Skillet.

The Staffordshire Moorlands Pan , an enamelled Roman bronze vessel (diameter 89.5 mm) which lists the names of several Roman forts on the western sector of Hadrian's Wall and also the ancient name of the Wall in the form Val[l]i Aeli, the 'Aelian frontier', using part of Hadrian's name which in full was Publius Aelius Hadrianus.