São Fernando is a city in the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Norte, is located in the heart of Seridó Potiguar to 6 23'de south latitude and 37 ° 11 'west longitude.

He remained in this condition until December 31, 1958, when under the 2333 Act, a municipality has emancipated, dismembered the city of Caico, having as neighbors to the east Caicó, west of Jardim de Piranhas, north Timbaúba dos Batistas and south Jucurutu .

Among other species stand out jurema black mufumbo, faveleiro, quince, and xique-xique facheiro.

The vegetation occupies 10% of the municipal territory inserted in the second Semi Arid region where more if it rains.

According to the National Plan to Combat Desertification - PNCD, which defines desertification as land degradation in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid areas resulting from various factors such as climate change, human activities and excessive use of soil without moderation.