São Tomé and Príncipe competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China, from 8–24 August 2008.

The country's delegation consisted of three competitors, competing in two disciplines: they were athletics competitors Naiel Santiago D'Almeida and Celma Bonfim da Graça, and canoeist Alcino Silva.

[1] Long-distance runner Celma Bonfim da Graça was selected as the flagbearer for the parade of nations at the opening ceremony.

[2] An unknown assistant of the National Olympic Committee carried the flag in the closing ceremony.

[5] Long-distance runner Celma Bonfim da Graça, who was making her Olympic debut, was 30 years old at the time, making her São Tomé and Príncipe's oldest competitor at these Games.

[4] At the time, she was the country's oldest Olympian ever, a record she would herself beat at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro.