In measure theory, a branch of mathematics that studies generalized notions of volumes, an s-finite measure is a special type of measure.
An s-finite measure is more general than a finite measure, but allows one to generalize certain proofs for finite measures.
The s-finite measures should not be confused with the σ-finite (sigma-finite) measures.
be a measurable space and
is called an s-finite measure, if it can be written as a countable sum of finite measures
),[1] The Lebesgue measure
is an s-finite measure.
For this, set and define the measures
by for all measurable sets
These measures are finite, since
for all measurable sets
, and by construction satisfy Therefore the Lebesgue measure is s-finite.
Every σ-finite measure is s-finite, but not every s-finite measure is also σ-finite.
To show that every σ-finite measure is s-finite, let
Then there are measurable disjoint sets
and Then the measures are finite and their sum is
An example for an s-finite measure that is not σ-finite can be constructed on the set
is by construction s-finite (since the counting measure is finite on a set with one element).
For every s-finite measure
, there exists an equivalent probability measure
[1] One possible equivalent probability measure is given by