Some brands of spring-loaded syringes can have a splatter effect, where blood and fluids are sprayed off the cannula from the force of the retraction.
Of the 55 cases documented by the CDC of (non-sex work) occupational transmission of HIV, 90% were from contaminated needles that pierced the skin.
Two lawyers, Mike Weiss and Paul Danzinger, were approached in 1998 by an inventor, Thomas Shaw, who was having trouble selling a safety syringe developed to protect health care workers from accidentally being infected by dirty needles.
The problems were due to monopolistic actions of a major industry needle maker and hospital group purchasing organizations.
[7] Shaw's attempts to get his retractable needle accepted by health care facilities were covered in a 2010 Washington Monthly article.