It is located in the territory of the municipality of Carignan, in the La Vallée-du-Richelieu Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region from Montérégie, in the south of province of Quebec, to Canada.

Île Sainte-Marie is located downstream from Sainte-Thérèse Island, from which it is separated by a narrow channel.

[1] Quebec historians generally locate the old fort Sainte Thérèse, which has disappeared today, opposite Île Sainte-Marie.

[2] The toponym "Île Sainte-Marie" was formalized on December 5, 1968 at the Place Names Bank of the Commission de toponymie du Québec.

[2] Formerly an agricultural territory, Île Sainte-Marie is now occupied by around thirty residences.