He taught school in Hamilton, Ohio, 1836 and 1837, at Miami University in 1837 and 1838, and Hanover College, Indiana, in 1839 and 1840.

After studying law, he was admitted to the bar in 1843 and commenced practice in Chillicothe, Ohio.

During the Civil War, he was appointed as the judge advocate of Camp Chase in Columbus, Ohio, by President Abraham Lincoln.

Following the war, Galloway was appointed by President Andrew Johnson to investigate conditions in the South during the period of Reconstruction.

This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress