Samuel Hawks Caldwell (January 15, 1904 – October 12, 1960) was an American electrical engineer, known for his contributions to the early computers.
[2] During World War II, Caldwell was a chief within the fire control section of the National Defense Research Committee.
[6] The centre closed around 1950, after which Caldwell continued as a faculty member, being the advisor to both David A. Huffman (1953) and Edward J. McCluskey (1956).
In 1959, Caldwell published a paper describing his work on the Sinotype (also known as the Ideographic Composing Machine) which was one of the first efforts at typesetting and compositing the Chinese language with a computer.
[7][5]: 10 Using a QWERTY keyboard, a Sinotype user could input the brush strokes of which Chinese characters are composed (not their phonetic values).