It is situated in the east of Dobrush District of Gomel Region, 5 km from the Russian village of Dobrodeyevka.
Sankovo-Medvezhye is a part of Zlynkovsky District of Bryansk Oblast and is just 800 m (1⁄2 mi) from the Belarusian–Russian border, from which it is separated by marshes.
The name of the exclave comes from the villages Sankovo and Medvezhye, which existed in this area during Soviet times.
At the beginning of the 20th century settlers from the neighboring village of Dobrodeyevka left in search of jobs in the United States.
In 1926, during the administrative reform, the state border between the Byelorussian Soviet Republic and Russian Soviet Republic was moved to the east but administratively the villages Sankovo and Medvezhye became a part of Russia's Bryansk Oblast.