Santiago Salvador

Santiago Salvador Franch (c. 1864 – 21 November 1894) was a Spanish anarchist terrorist, known for carrying out the Liceu bombing, which killed at least 20 people.

Originally from a Traditionalist Catholic background, having grown up in rural Aragon, Salvador was exposed to anarchism after arriving in the Catalan capital of Barcelona.

[2] Throughout most of his life, until the age of 29, he was a committed Carlist, part of a Traditionalist Catholic movement which supported the claim of the House of Bourbon-Parma to the Spanish throne.

He began developing a plan to avenge Pallàs' death by carrying out an attack against the Catalan bourgeoisie, seeking to terrorise those who had celebrated the execution.

[6] On 7 December 1893, Salvador took two Orsini bombs to the Liceu theatre; with a peseta his wife had given him to buy salt, he bought a cheap ticket for a seat on the fifth floor.

[8] Taking pride in his attack, Salvador eagerly read newspaper accounts of the bombing, delighting in the panic expressed in the press.

[12] On New Year's Day of 1894, while Salvador was in bed at his cousin's apartment in Zaragoza, near the Cathedral of the Saviour, the Civil Guard burst into his room.

He accepted communion and expressed a desire to join the Franciscans, which gained him support from many Catholics, who fully believed that his conversion was sincere.

[17] Salvador was finally convicted under a retroactive application of new anti-anarchist laws, introduced in July 1894, which imposed capital punishment on anarchists that carried out bombing attacks.

He admitted to a Jesuit priest that he had faked his conversion, prompting the Archbishop of Barcelona Jaume Català [ca] to call off alms collections for Salvador.

When the director of the paper visited him, Salvador asked him to donate 200 pesetas of the profits reports of his execution were generating to his daughter.

At 08:00, Salvador was led out into the courtyard, where he was surrounded by police and spectators, with even nearby terraces and balconies providing viewing points.

[21] Salvador's wife Antònia Colom i Vicens was arrested and imprisoned following the 1896 Barcelona Corpus Christi procession bombing.

Illustration of the Liceu bombing
Salvador in prison (1894)