It has approximately 273 villages, a population of about 3,060 and an area where the structural plan, adopted in 1417, is about 4,200 hectares (16 sq mi).
The name comes from Sarat, meaning "summit or peak", and Abidah is the matronymic given to the tribes residing in this region based on their common female ancestor.
Sarat Abidah has been a trading station and has become a center of markets and a breeding ground for caravans.
The summer maximum temperature is about 25 °C (77 °F), dropping to nearly 5 °C (41 °F) in winter and has a moderate rate of precipitation and average humidity of 45%.
The region is characterized by the Tihama Qahtan wind, which is hot in the summer and moderate in the winter.