The mango tilapia (Sarotherodon galilaeus) is a species of fish from the cichlid family that is native to fresh and brackish waters in Africa and the Levant.

Outside Africa it is found in Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestinian Authority and Israel.

[7] An experiment studying mate choice in the mango tilapia shows results of the correlation between operational sex ratio, characteristics of the body and pairing.

In this study, the fish were exposed to different OSR's (more males, more females, or an equal ratio).

In addition, this study showed that mango tilapia that mate within a similar size group have greater reproductive success.

Levels of parental care in mango tilapia depend on the costs and benefits of staying versus departing.

In addition, parental care decreased a female's future ability to reproduce (fecundity).

[7][9][10] The Israel Mango tilapia is known there also as "Galilee St. Peter's fish", in Arabic مشط أبيض musht 'abyad, which is white and larger than the "Common St. Peter's fish" (Tilapia zillii, مشط musht in Arabic and adopted into Modern Hebrew, lit.