[4] Several potential risk factors have been identified for craniosynostosis include:[5] Syndromic Sagittal craniosynostosis is seen in many conditions and syndromes:[7] Diagnosis of scaphocephaly is with physical exam, which may show characteristic features such as an elongated head in the anterior-posterior dimension, narrow head in the lateral dimension, and bony ridge at the vertex.

CT scans may also be used to help with surgical planning and to diagnose associated hydrocephalus, which has been found to be present in 44% of cases in one study.

[10] Scaphocephaly can be classified into specific types, depending on morphology, position, and suture closure:[11] This condition can be corrected by surgery if the child is young enough, typically within the first 3–6 months.

[8] The goal of treatment is to correct intracranial pressure and repair bony deformities.

[19] Surgery is generally aimed at removal of the fused sagittal suture to allow for lateral expansion of the skull.