[3] Schley County is part of the Americus, GA micropolitan statistical area.

It is named in honor of Governor William Schley.

[1] The county was created by an act of the Georgia General Assembly on December 22, 1857, and is named for William Schley, United States Representative and thirty-sixth governor of Georgia.

The southwestern portion of Schley County, southwest of Ellaville, is located in the Kinchafoonee-Muckalee sub-basin of the same larger ACF River Basin.

[7] As of the 2020 United States census, there were 4,547 people, 1,864 households, and 1,452 families residing in the county.