Gongshi

[1] The term is related to the Korean suseok (수석) and the Japanese suiseki (水石).

In the Tang dynasty, a set of four important qualities for the rocks were recognized.

They are: thinness (瘦 shòu), openness (透 tòu), perforations (漏 lòu), and wrinkling (皺 zhòu).

The geological conditions needed for the formation of stones are also present at some other sites.

The aesthetics of a scholar's rock is based on subtleties of color, shape, markings, surface, and sound.