Diversity combining

Other signal combination techniques have been designed for noise reduction and have found applications in single molecule biophysics, chemometrics among other disciplines.

For "timing combining", data packets are redundantly and simultaneously sent over parallel paths.

On the receiving side, out of the branches the first arriving packet is selected and immediately processed towards the end application.

Voting comparators in analog FM systems can switch between receivers in tenths- or hundredths-of-a-second, (faster than one syllable).

This worked poorly because it did not account for microwave baseband noise or noisy telephone company circuits.

When communicating with hand-held radios (walkie-talkies), base stations generally talk out further than they can receive.

A minimum of 95% coverage is cited in literature for critical or emergency service two-way radio systems.

[10] One definition of system coverage is Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA) TSB-88A standard.

For example, in some rural, regional coverage systems, the receivers each cover a unique geographic area.

If the system consisted of two sites, north and south, it would pick the better of the two and remain locked on that receiver until the transmission ended.