It was built under the extension of the Garden Street, and grew quickly, becoming the cheapest and the most active market in Saint Petersburg.
In 1753, local merchants commissioned the building of the Church of the Assumption of the Mother of God in a sumptuous Baroque style.
The surrounding district was known for its infamous slums, which provide the setting for Fedor Dostoevsky's novel Crime and Punishment.
In 1961, at the height of Nikita Khrushchev's anti-religious campaign, he had the church demolished; a chapel now marks the site.
Three metro stations serve the square; its namesake Sennaya Ploshchad, Sadovaya (Garden Street) and Spasskaya.