If the SOS supports the transactional profile (SOS-T), new sensors can be registered on the service interface and measuring values be inserted.
A SOS implementation can be used both for data from in-situ as well as remote sensing sensors.
It also allows easy integration into existing Spatial Data Infrastructures or Geographic Information Systems.
As both SensorThings API and SOS are based on the OGC/ISO 19156:2011, the two specifications have been demonstrated in an OGC IoT pilot that they can interoperate with each other.
For better understanding, here are some important terms: The SOS is a standard of the OGC and ultimately only defines a service interface, but not an implementation.