On 1 April 1890, he was appointed lieutenant colonel by the officer in charge for special assignments at the headquarters of the 2nd Army Corps.
From 6 May to 6 November 1895 he was seconded to the 4th Life-Dragoon Pskov Regiment to familiarize himself with the general requirements of management and leadership.
During the 1905 Russian Revolution, when an uprising broke out in Moscow in December 1905, he issued an order on 18 December 1905 that said in part: “If armed resistance is provided, then exterminate everyone without arresting anyone.”[2] Sheydeman took charge of the headquarters of the Amur Military District on 27 November 1906.
On 7 October 1914, German troops under General August von Mackensen attacked the 2nd Army near Troitsa.
Sheydeman was not able to prevent the encirclement of Łódź and on 20 November 1914 he was removed from command by General Nikolai Ruzsky for his misunderstanding of the situation.
Between 5 and 9 July, in the battles at Tuman and Rosinich, Sheydeman broke the group of General Fata and forced a crossing of the river Stokhod.
Under pressure from German troops, he was forced to withdraw his corps back across the Stokhod on 10–11 July.
Due to illness, Sheydeman transferred on 4 June 1917 to the reserves at the headquarters of the Kiev Military District.
In 1918, Sheydeman voluntarily joined the Red Army and was appointed military leader of the Ryazan unit screening the Moscow region.
In the Russian Civil War, he commanded the Red Army's 1st Ryazan Infantry Division.