His parents were the railway official Peter Ludwig and his wife Angela, née Fery.
[4] In view of the linguistic and cultural barriers and the spreading acts of war his missionary work proved to be extremely difficult.
He described the dangers of marauding bands of robbers, the famines, the situation of the migrant workers — and also his loneliness.
At the end of World War II, after the withdrawal of the Japanese troops, first the Soviets, then the Chinese occupied Manchuria.
[5] In June 2007, in honour of his 100th birthday, the church square in his hometown Bous was named after Ludwig.