[15] Success at this level led to Shaheen being selected for the Under-16 tour of Australia in November 2015, where he played his part with four wickets in the 2–1 victories in the One-Day and Twenty20 series.

[15] In December 2016, Afridi was included in the Pakistan Under-19 cricket team selected for the 2016 Under-19 Asia Cup held in Sri Lanka.

[16] In early September 2017, Afridi signed a two-year contract with Dhaka Dynamites, a major Bangladesh Premier League franchise.

[24] Following Pakistan's matches in the tournament, the International Cricket Council (ICC) named Afridi as the rising star of the squad.

[25] Afridi made his Twenty20 debut for Lahore Qalandars in the 2018 Pakistan Super League (PSL) on 23 February 2018.

[26] The following month in the PSL, during Lahore's match with the Multan Sultans, Afridi took five wickets for four runs.

[31] In July 2019, Afridi was selected to play for the Rotterdam Rhinos in the inaugural edition of the Euro T20 Slam cricket tournament.

[34] In December 2019, it was announced that Afridi will play for Hampshire County Cricket Club in the 2020 T20 Blast in England.

[40] In October 2021, Afridi signed with Middlesex to play in domestic matches in England until July 2022.

[41] However, he returned to Pakistan in mid-May to prepare for the national team's home series against the West Indies.

[43] Afridi later stated that Imran Khan had suggested for him to become captain, which led to the change in captaincy.

[62] Following the World Cup, the International Cricket Council (ICC) named Afridi as the rising star of the squad.

[73] On 15 November 2023, Afridi was appointed as T20I captain after Babar Azam resigned from captaincy in all three formats of the game.