Sheffield Airey Neave CMG OBE (20 April 1879 – 31 December 1961) was a British naturalist and entomologist.

Born in Kensworth in Hertfordshire on 20 April 1879, he was the son of Sheffield Henry M. Neave and his wife Gertrude Charlotte Margaret (née Airey).

[1] Neave's first work was research into the problems related to the tsetse fly and the study of African animal life.

In 1934 he had the idea to compile an updated index of all published generic and subgeneric names in zoology, an activity which occupied the period 1935–1939 and resulted in the publication of his (initially) four-volume Nomenclator Zoologicus in 1939–1940.

[3] Neave retired in 1946 to garden and farm in Essex but he carried on as honorary secretary of the Zoological Society of London until 1952.