Shelby Houlihan (born February 8, 1993) is an American middle distance runner, Olympian and World Record holder in the 4x1500m relay.

On June 11, 2021, Houlihan was banned from the sport for four years following an anti-doping violation for use of nandrolone, which was upheld by the CAS on appeal.

[9][10] Houlihan began competing for Nike and the Bowerman Track Club under coach Jerry Schumacher in 2015.

[12] Houlihan qualified for the 2016 Summer Olympics in the women's 5000 meters after finishing second in the US trials to Molly Huddle.

[6] After the race, she said, "I didn't place as high as I wanted to, and I've got to take that as a learning step and just try to move forward and make me stronger.

Houlihan's hometown minor league hockey team, the Sioux City Musketeers, honored her after the Olympics with an ovation and ceremonial first puck.

Assisted by pacer Shalane Flanagan, Houlihan broke Shannon Rowbury's 2016 American record of 14:38.92.

At the 2019 World Outdoor Championships, Houlihan set a personal best and new American record of 3:54.99 in the final of the 1500m, finishing in 4th place.

[23] On June 11, 2021, Houlihan received a four-year ban, retroactive to January 14 of the same year, from the sport due to testing positive for nandrolone, an anabolic steroid ostensibly used to increase muscle mass.

[25] During her doping suspension, Houlihan was allowed to participate in the Beer Mile World Classic's "Legends & Elites Race."

However, due to her ban from USATF events, organizers did not allow Houlihan to compete in the women's championship beer mile.