The gulf is named after Russian explorer Grigory Shelikhov.
Its southwest corner is formed by the P'yagin Peninsula, Yam Bay, and the Yamsky Islands.
Shelikhov Gulf was frequented by American whaleships hunting bowhead and gray whales between 1849 and 1900.
[4] On 11 August 1867, the barque Stella (270 tons), of New Bedford, Captained by Ebenezer F. Nye, was wrecked on Krayny in the northeastern arm of the gulf.
[5][6][7] In the spring and summer, beluga whales aggregate in the bays and estuaries at the head of Shelikhov Gulf to feed on spawning herring, smelt, and salmon.