She won the gold medal in women's 1m springboard at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships in Shanghai, becoming the first Chinese diver from provincial team to participate the World Championships.

At the 2016 Summer Olympics she won the gold medal in women's 3 metre synchronized springboard with Wu Minxia.

[2] At the 2020 Summer Olympics, celebrated in 2021, she repeated the 2016 success and won the gold medal in women's 3 metre synchronized springboard with Wang Han.

[4][5] After winning gold in the 2020 Summer Olympics, Shi revealed that she was struggling with depression and considered abandoning professional diving.

She joined Naomi Osaka and Simone Biles in openly talking about mental health issues in women's elite competitions.