Shlomo Moussaieff (Hebrew: שלמה מוסאיוף) (1925 – July 1, 2015) was an Israeli jeweler, of Bukharan Jewish descent.

[1] In addition, he was regarded as one of the world's top private collectors of antiquities associated with the Bible and ancient Near East,[2] with a collection of 60,000 artefacts.

Several of his sisters own jewellery stores: Hannah in Jerusalem's King David Hotel, Naomi in London and Aviva in Geneva.

[8] Upon the recommendation of his Etzel leader, he joined the British Army at age 17 to fight Nazi Germany during World War II.

Stationed in the Egyptian desert and Livorno, Italy, he searched through synagogue genizot (treasuries) during his free time and bought old Kabbalah manuscripts and marriage contracts written by well-known rabbis.

Sales increased in 1967 when wealthy Arabs from Saudi Arabia and the Persian Gulf began to buy jewelry in London.

[6] Moussaieff produced precious jewellery for international royalty and high society, including Saudi Arabia and Persian Gulf states.

[13] Moussaieff's clients included government figures such as Imelda Marcos and Princess Ashraf and Princess Shams of Iran, and celebrities such as, Richard Burton, Elizabeth Taylor, Stavros Niarchos, Zsa Zsa Gabor, Joan Collins, Bob Cummings, Shirley MacLaine, George Raft, Peter Sellers and Frank Sinatra.

[20] According to a blogpost by Hershel Shanks, Moussaieff had bought two ostracons (inscriptions on pottery shards) from Oded Golan, one of the defendants in the trial; these purchases were also determined to be forgeries.

[20] Moussaieff was also involved in a seven-year lawsuit filed against him by the Republic of Iraq, accusing him of stealing artefacts from ancient Nineveh after the fall of Saddam Hussein.

Though Moussaieff claimed he had bought the antiquities legitimately from a Swiss dealer, he returned them all to the Iraqi government to avoid undue publicity.