Sir Thomas Rich, 1st Baronet (c. 1601 – 15 October 1667) was an English merchant and politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1660.

He was sent to school in London and went on to study at the newly founded Wadham College, Oxford.

In his will, Rich left £6000 and his house in Gloucester to establish a school for poor boys.

The money was invested in local farmland, and the rent generated by the house was used to pay for the upkeep and operation of the school.

He married, secondly, Elizabeth Cockayne (or Cokayne), by whom he had several children, including William, his son and heir.