Skiphosoura (meaning "sword tail") is an extinct genus of pterodactyliform pterosaurs from the Late Jurassic Mörnsheim Formation of Germany.

[1] The Skiphosoura holotype specimen, LF 4157, was discovered in 2015 in sediments of the Mörnsheim Formation (Schaudiberg Quarry, Dritter Kieselflinz Layer) near Solnhofen in Bavaria, Germany.

After its preparation, the specimen was acquired in 2020 by the Illinois (USA)-based Lauer Foundation for Paleontology, where it is permanently reposited.

[1] In 2024, Hone et al. described Skiphosoura bavarica as a new genus and species of pterodactyliform pterosaurs based on these fossil remains.

Based on these results and many morphological features, they suggest that this taxon fills an important evolutionary gap between basal pterosaurs such as rhamphorhynchines and the later 'derived' pterodactyloids.