The S-5 Group is composed of five small states: Since the early 1990s, the working methods of the Security Council have been a source of concern to the wider membership of the United Nations.
As the world's principal actor to promote and maintain international peace and security and the principal organ of the United Nations, the Council moved to the center of attention with scathing criticism and doubts about its effectiveness.
With the increase in workload and the rising attention of the international media, many meetings took place in a private, closed manner.
The wider UN membership started to become more vocal about the Council's practices and procedures, being particularly disturbed about transparency, participation, accountability, and efficiency.
[1][2] Encouraged by the recommendations of the World Summit Outcome[3] five small member states of the United Nations, later known as the S-5 Group, began to work together in late 2005, with a view to improve the Security Council's working methods.