The Social Democratic Party of the Russian Federation (Russian: Социал-демократическая партия Российской Федерации, romanized: Sotsial-demokraticheskaya partiya Rossiyskoy Federatsii; SDPR) was a social democratic organization in modern Russia, founded in May 1990.

First (February 1989), the Social Democratic Confederation was created, bringing together a number of informal clubs and groups from different cities.

At the same time, an organizing committee of the Social Democratic Party of the Russian Federation was formed in the SDA, the constituent congress of which was held on May 4, 1990 in Moscow.

In the fall of 1990, the SDPR joined the Democratic Russia movement as a collective member.

In addition, it planned to unite with the Republican Party of the Russian Federation, created in November 1990.